Gen. Martin E. Green's Brigade and took up a position astride the Rodney road just southwest of Port Gibson near Magnolia Church. Fighting in the scattered fields and forest around the Shaifer House intensified as more Union regiments and batteries came into action. The Union Army was led by Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and was victorious. The Union victory at the Battle of Port Gibson cost Grant 875 casualties (131 killed, 719 wounded, and 25 missing). The Union Army was led by Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and they were victorious. Confederate Brig. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled! The Battle of Port Gibson was fought near Port Gibson, Mississippi, on May 1, 1863, between Union and Confederate forces during the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. The area is now largely wooded, with a scattering of non-historic houses and other buildings, mainly along Rodney Road which roughly bisects the battlefield. Gen. Edward D. Tracy arrived later and was posted across the Bruinsburg Road two miles north of Green's position. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. The Union troops pushed forward all along the line and fierce fighting continued throughout the afternoon. Fortunately for Grant, Pemberton took literally his orders to defend Vicksburg at all costs. Later nineteenth century to present [ edit] The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Despite the thousands of Yankees involved, the Confederate forces in the area still outnumbered them. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Join us July 13-16! Johnstons removal prevented him from uniting his forces with Pemberton, now isolated at Vicksburg. Gen. A. J. Smith's 10th Division and Stevenson's Brigade of McPherson's XVII Corps, McClernand resumed the pursuit. The road to his rear now threatened, Bowen commenced retreating through Port Gibson to the north shore of Bayou Pierre. Windsor Battlefield Tour. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. The Battle of Port Gibson on May 1, 1863 was a pivotal event of the Civil War in Mississippi which featured the largest amphibious operation of the United States army prior to June 6, 1944. [5] In 2011, the Civil War Preservation Trust was renamed the Civil War Trust, which in 2018 became a division of the American Battlefield Trust. The Union victory secured that beachhead and paved the way for the eventual fall of Vicksburg. Battle of Chickasaw Bayou (December 2629, 1862), The Union victory at the Battle of Port Gibson, Battle of Big Black River Bridge (May 17). That night Grant's men camped two miles north of Port Gibson. The remaining garrison at Grand Gulf was evacuated the next day. The presence of the Natchez Road figured in the May 1, 1863 Battle of Port Gibson.In that battle, Union forces under General Ulysses S . The Union victory at the Battle of Port Gibson cost Grant 875 casualties (131 killed, 719 wounded, and 25 missing). Restoration of the sit is in progress and the majority of the battlefield is privately owned. He would march his army down the Louisiana side of the [] Almost by mutual consent, the fighting ebbed by 3:00 a.m., and the weary soldiers in blue and gray rested on their arms. Confederate Brig. Bowen moved south from Grand Gulf with Brig. The Battle of Port Gibson was fought near Port Gibson, Mississippi, on May 1, 1863, between Union and Confederate forces during the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. The first Union objective was Port Gibson, roughly ten miles east of Bruinsburgand commanding the local road network. The first Union objective was Port Gibson, roughly ten miles east of Bruinsburg and commanding the local road network. [6], The battlefield area is about 4 miles (6.4km) west of Port Gibson. On May 1, the Battle of Port Gibson was fought. Meanwhile, Grants troop barges, protected by Porters gunboats, ran past Fort Cobun. To complete the river crossing, however, Grant needed the assistance of his naval forces. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Save 42 Historic Acres at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Phase Three of Gaines Mill-Cold Harbor Saved Forever Campaign, An Unparalleled Preservation Opportunity at Gettysburg Battlefield, For Sale: Three Battlefield Tracts Spanning Three Wars, Preserve 128 Sacred Acres at Antietam and Shepherdstown. Just then, a single shot rang out as the Confederate pickets spotted movement in the distance. Windsor survived the war, becoming a prominent landmark along the Mississippi River. The artillery wagons rattle forward and the heavy tramp of many men gives a dull but impressive sound. The road over which the blue soldiers now marched led to the Shaifer House. At the onset of the American Civil War, the State of Tennessee comprised most of the northern border of the Confederate States of America in the West. To the north, nearly impenetrable swamps and bayous protected Vicksburg. Canals were dug and abandoned. A single brigade of reinforcements from Vicksburg under Brig. Forced to defend two approaches to Port Gibson, Bowen divided his already heavily outnumbered forces. First Sergeant Charles Hobbs of the 99th Illinois recorded of his experience that night: As we pass along an old darkey gives us his blessings, but fears there will be few of us ever to return. Battle of Port Gibson. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! Shortly after midnight on May 1, advanced elements of the 14th Division under Brig. The stillness of the night was shattered as a volley of musketry came in reply. Almost by mutual consent the fighting ebbed by 3:00 a.m. and the weary soldiers in blue and gray rested on their arms. Provided by Touchpoints Contact Info [2][4] In 2009, the battlefield was designated by the Civil War Preservation Trust as one of its Top 10 most endangered Civil War battlefields. Against this target, Grant poised his army to strike. The remaining garrison at Grand Gulf was evacuated the next day. As the Union forces came ashore, they secured a beachhead and began marching toward Port Gibson by late afternoon on April 30. The A. K. Shaifer House was the site of the opening shots in the Battle of Port Gibson. Built between 1859-1861, the plantation was the home of wealthy planter, Smith Coffee Daniell, II. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. The action intensified on both roads at dawn as the Federals resumed their push toward Port Gibson. Rather than form on Garrotts endangered right, Green assumed position on his left and, thus, provided little support. This strategic battle was fought eight miles west of Bethel Church on May 1, 1863. Gen. Peter Osterhaus. He sent three divisions, commanded by his most trusted subordinate, General William T. Sherman, down the river from Memphis to attack Vicksburg from the north. The Confederate force now retreated back towards Grand Gulf. As a result, the landing was unchallenged and the only Confederates nearby were Major General John S. Bowens force of 6,000-8,000 soldiers who had marched to Port Gibson after thwarting Grants landing at Grand Gulf the previous day. If Union forces could gain control of the Mississippi, they could deny the Confederacy easy access to supplies from the Gulf of Mexico and territories in the American West. Photographed By Tom Bosse, July 2, 2017. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! Farragut made two attempts to do so in May and June 1862, but both excursions failed. If the Union could gain control of the Mississippi, the Confederacy would be denied easy access to supplies from the Gulf of Mexico and territories in the American West. Because the city was perched atop a heavily fortified bluff, they decided to cross the Mississippi downstream from it and circle around from the rear. Noted are the Battle of Port Gibson, May 1, 1863, the Battle of Raymond, May 12, 1863, the Battle of Jackson, May 14, 1863, the Battle of Champion Hill, May 16, 1863, and the Battle of Big Black River Bridge, May 17, 1863. On January 30, 1862, the Western Theater commander, General Henry Halleck, reluctantly approved Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant's request to attack Fort Henry, located on the Tennessee River. Battle of Mine Run. After failing to capture the strategically important city in late 1862 and early 1863, Grant decided on a new plan. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. When spring arrived, Grant set a new plan into motion. As the situation deteriorated, Bowen wired his superiors: We have been engaged in a furious battle ever since daylight; losses very heavy. [Wikimedia Commons]. Brig. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. The action intensified on both roads at dawn as the Federals resumed their push toward Port Gibson. Now on the Vicksburg side of the river, Grants men marched toward their first objective, Port Gibson, situated roughly ten miles east of Bruinsburg, which commanded the local road network. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. The Battle of Port Gibson was fought near Port Gibson, Mississippi, on May 1, 1863, between Union and Confederate forces during the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. To the north, nearly impenetrable swamps and bayous protected Vicksburg. Part of the battle was fought on the Bruinsburg Road at Point Lookout. Gen. William Baldwin, just arriving from Vicksburg, and Col. Francis Cockrells from Grand Gulf, were placed into position astride the road at White and Irwins Branches of Willow Creek, a mile and a half east of Magnolia Church. "Through Storm and Sunshine": Valorous Vivandires in the Civil War. The Battle of Port Gibson was a resounding Union victory that secured Grant's beachhead east of the Mississippi River and cleared the way to the Southern Railroad supplying Vicksburg. Port Hudson West Gulf Blockading Squad. Confederate Brig. The women were terrified and, screaming with fright, leaped into the wagon and whipped the animals toward Port Gibson. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. Gen. Edward Tracy was killed on the Confederate right. The battle secured a Union beachhead east of the Mississippi River and enabled Grant to move northeastward unopposed. 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