The first ten amendments are known as the Bill of Rights. It creates the Supreme Court. Share to Twitter. When the Bill of Rights was added to the United States Constitution in 1791, the Ninth Amendment clause was part. In addition, a portion of the 12th amendment was superseded by section 3. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, Constitution of the United States of America, prohibits laws "respecting an establishment of religion" and protects freedoms of religion, speech, and the press and the rights to assemble peaceably and petition the government, protects the people's right to "keep and bear arms", prohibits the involuntary quartering of soldiers in private homes during peacetime, forbids unreasonable searches and seizures of individuals and property; requires probable cause for search warrants; prohibits nonspecific search warrants, protects the criminally accused by requiring indictment by a grand jury, prohibiting double jeopardy and forced self-incrimination, and forbidding deprivation of "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"; bars the taking of private property for public use without "just compensation", further protects the criminally accused by establishing the rights to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury, to be informed of criminal charges, to confront hostile witnesses, and to have the assistance of counsel, prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and "cruel and unusual punishments", establishes that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not "deny or disparage" other rights "retained by the people", reserves to the states those powers not delegated to the federal government or prohibited to the states by the Constitution, establishes the principle of state sovereign immunity, repeals and revises presidential election procedures established in the original Constitution, grants citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and slaves who were emancipated after the American Civil War, guarantees that the right to vote cannot be denied based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", provides for the direct election of U.S. senators by the voters of the states, imposes the federal prohibition of alcohol, changes the beginning and ending dates of presidential and congressional terms, limits to two the number of terms a president of the United States may serve, permits citizens of Washington, D.C., the right to choose electors in presidential elections, prohibits the federal and state governments from imposing poll taxes before a citizen can participate in a federal election, sets succession rules relating to vacancies and disabilities of the office of the president and of the vice president, extends voting rights to citizens age 18 or older, requires any change to the rate of compensation for members of the U.S. Congress to take effect only after the subsequent election to the House of Representatives. 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