education be informed by work done in other disciplines" (p. 15). technology and have less time to learn the lesson. Newby readings) as well as those theories specific to the field of distance learning (Simonson, et al, reading). He compared distance education with the industrial production of To select appropriate media, we have to consider the nature of the learners, including who the learners are, learner age, attention span, motivation, and confidence to use technologies. They explore learning and the learners to determine when the best time to begin the instruction is as well as determine which reinforcers are the most effective for a particular learner (Ertmer & Newby, 2013, p.48). Because of the limited capacity of working memory, it is tough for learners to remember more than seven things at once (Miller, 1956). It is important for instructors to solicit feedback from learners to know whether the instruction is clear and effective. two-way communication. Dialog refers to an interpersonal interaction that happens after a course is designed when teachers exchange words and other symbols with learners, aimed at the latters creation of knowledge (p. 92). in order to test the validity of new information" (p. 44). Research on illustrations in text Issues and perspectives. As indicated by Clark and Mayer (2008), adding interesting graphics can be distracting and can hurt learning if the graphics are extraneous to learning. Downes, S. (2010). Analyze a distance education course you are currently taking or have taken in the past. Anderson, J. R. (1983). In M. G. Moore (Ed),Handbook of Distance Education(pp. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248940521_Editorial_ Contact us for more information. Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age George Siemens Introduction Behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism are the three broad learning theories most often utilized in the creation of instructional environments. by some (Garrison, 1990; Hayes, 1990) as no more than a hodgepodge of
Retrieved November 7, 2016 from Dictionary.com website http //www.dictionary.com/browse/memory. Theories of Distance Learning Just as no single learning theory has emerged for instruction in general, the same is true for online education. stop, and learn times. The Association for Educational Communications and Technology, AECT
These theories are theory of autonomy and independence, theory of industrialization and the theory of The Five Educational Learning Theories. This type of course is possible because of the economy of scale; there is little to no extra cost in allowing additional learners access to the course. education are repeated in current literature, Ely (1992) foresees a road
and services are often inappropriately transferred without attention being
Handbook of research for educational communications and technology, 170-198. The theory is revisited in light of its reception and relevance in the era of online learning and digital transformation. With the development of technology, Hillman, Willis, and Gunawardena (1994) added a fourth type of interaction, which they called learner-interface interaction, meaning the process of manipulating tools to accomplish a task (p. 34). Humanism. Behavioral orientation sees communication as a stimulus-response (S-R) situation, with the sender stimulating a response in the receiver (Heath & Bryant, 2000).